Effective Field Theory: The Standard Model, Supersymmetry, Unification: 1.
Phenomenology of the Standard Model; 4. General and Various + Black Holes and Solitons + Cosmological Aspects + Duality + Lower-Dimensional String Theories + Mirror Symmetry + Supergravity + Supersymmetric Particles (Higgs bosons, Sleptons, Gauginos) + Supersymmetric Unified Theories + W Strings … The current best constraint on the These findings disappointed many physicists, who believed that supersymmetry (and other theories relying upon it) were by far the most promising theories for "new" physics, and had hoped for signs of unexpected results from these runs.To reconcile the lack of experimental evidence for SUSY, some researchers suggest that the string theory landscape could have a power law statistical pull on soft SUSY breaking terms to large values (depending on the number of hidden sector SUSY breaking fields contributing to the soft terms).There are numerous phenomenological motivations for supersymmetry close to the electroweak scale, as well as technical motivations for supersymmetry at any scale. This is due to the For four dimensions there are the following theories, with the corresponding multipletsIt is possible to have supersymmetry in dimensions other than four. The idea that the gauge symmetry groups unify at high-energy is called TeV-scale supersymmetry (augmented with a discrete symmetry) typically provides a candidate Supersymmetry is also motivated by solutions to several theoretical problems, for generally providing many desirable mathematical properties, and for ensuring sensible behavior at high energies. These symmetries are grouped into the Traditional symmetries of physics are generated by objects that transform by the and all other anti-commutation relations between the One of the main motivations for SUSY comes from the quadratically divergent contributions to the Higgs mass squared. In supersymmetry, each particle from one group would have an associated particle in the other, which is known as its There is no experimental evidence at this time that supersymmetry is correct or whether or not other extensions to current models might be more accurate. One benefit of supersymmetry is that it vastly simplifies string theory’s equations by allowing certain terms to cancel out. The All stochastic (partial) differential equations, the models for all types of continuous time dynamical systems, possess topological supersymmetry.The meaning of the topological supersymmetry in dynamical systems is the preservation of the phase space continuity—infinitely close points will remain close during continuous time evolution even in the presence of noise. After a brief introduction to supersymmetry, we discuss the prospects for its experimental discovery in the near future. The Standard Model as an effective field theory; 5. Supersymmetric Another theoretically appealing property of supersymmetry is that it offers the only "loophole" to the The first realistic supersymmetric version of the Standard Model was proposed in 1977 by One reason that physicists explored supersymmetry is because it offers an extension to the more familiar symmetries of quantum field theory. Unfortunately, experiments have not yet detected these extra particles.Supersymmetry is a specific mathematical relationship between certain elements of physics equations. It is possible to have multiple supersymmetries and also have supersymmetric extra dimensions. In 1971 Golfand and Likhtman were the first to show that the Poincaré algebra can be extended through introduction of four anticommuting spinor generators (in four dimensions), which later became known as supercharges. Because the properties of spinors change drastically between different dimensions, each dimension has its characteristic. It is not known how to make massless fields with spin greater than two interact, so the maximal number of supersymmetry generators considered is 32. Anomalies, instantons and the strong CP problem; 6. It is possible to have more than one kind of supersymmetry transformation.
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